This is an action filed by the City and County of San Francisco, the County of Santa Clara, and other plaintiffs against President Donald Trump, Pamela Bondi, Attorney General of the United States, and Kristi Noem, Secretary of the United States Department of Homeland Security, and other defendants, challenging President Trump’s Executive Order No. 14,159 and a related Department of Justice (“DOJ”) memorandum to withhold funds and pursue enforcement actions against so-called “sanctuary jurisdictions.” The plaintiffs seek declaratory and injunctive relief, asserting that the Executive Order and DOJ memo are unconstitutional in violation of the Tenth Amendment, Separation of Powers, the Spending Clause, and the Due Process Clause. Judge Orrick related this case to a 2017 case that involved similar issues, City and County of San Francisco v. Donald J. Trump et al., 3:17-cv-00485-WHO (N.D. Cal.).